This section of ReAL uses a series of case studies to illustrate learner literacyThere is no universal definition of literacy. The definition adopted by the Ministry of Education in 2001 for the Adult Literacy Strategy was "a complex web of reading, writing, speaking, listening, problem solving, creative thinking and numeracy skills.", numeracyNumeracy is more than the ability to do basic arithmetic. It involves developing confidence and competence with numbers and measures. It requires understanding of the number system, a repertoire of mathematical techniques, and an inclination and ability to solve quantitative or spatial problems in a range of contexts. Numeracy also demands understanding of the ways in which data are gathered by counting and measuring, and presented in graphs, diagrams, charts and tables. (From the UK's Department for Education and Skills). and ESOLEnglish for speakers of other language(s). needs and how these needs might be supported in an adult learning environmentA non-compulsory learning environment which supports the principles of adult learning ie self-direction; application of prior knowledge; problem based; intrinsic motivation; collaboration.